Environmental Education and Health Education in Primary Education: Teacher Perceptions
Across Educational Levels (Kindergarten – Elementary School)

Department of Public and Community Health, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece

 Abstract: This study examines Primary Education teachers’ perceptions regarding the impact of Environmental Education (EE) and Health Education (HE) on students, and how these perceptions influence their teaching practices, with particular focus on differences between kindergarten and elementary school levels. Research indicates that EE is considered crucial for developing responsible environmental behaviors, while HE aims to improve hygiene habits and disease prevention. Teachers at both kindergarten and elementary levels play a pivotal role, as their personal beliefs and training significantly affect the implementation of EE and HE programs. Students participating in EE programs develop knowledge and positive attitudes toward nature, while the integration of health topics promotes healthier lifestyles. Teachers broadly recognize the importance of EE and HE in fostering environmental awareness and healthy habits from early childhood. In kindergarten settings, emphasis is placed on experiential learning activities, whereas elementary school programs focus on deepening knowledge and developing critical thinking skills. However, teachers report facing implementation challenges. This highlights the need for: (1) targeted program design, (2) enhanced teacher professional development, and (3) adequate infrastructure support."